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The CTAL-TA_Syll2019 exam consists of 60 multiple choice questions, and candidates have 180 minutes to complete the exam. CTAL-TA_Syll2019 exam is available in several languages and is administered at approved testing centers worldwide. The passing score for the exam is 65%, and candidates who successfully pass the exam will receive the ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Analyst certification. ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Analyst (Syllabus 2019) certification is recognized globally and provides professionals with a competitive edge in the software testing industry. With the CTAL-TA_Syll2019 certification, professionals can demonstrate their expertise in advanced level test analysis and design, and are qualified to take on more complex testing projects and responsibilities.
NEW QUESTION # 32
What is main difference between user experience and usability?
- A. Usability relates to people's perceptions and responses; user experience relates to characteristics of the software product.
- B. There is no difference between user experience and usability, they are the same.
- C. User experience relates to people's perceptions and responses; usability relates to characteristics of the software product.
- D. Usability is evaluated via reviews; the user experience is evaluated via surveys
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
User experience (UX) is a broad term that encompasses the overall impression and satisfaction that a user has when interacting with a software product. It includes aspects such as value, desirability, adaptability, and usability. Usability is a specific aspect of UX that focuses on how easy, efficient, and error-free it is for a user to perform a task or achieve a goal with the product. Usability is a necessary but not sufficient condition for a good UX. A product can be usable but not desirable, or desirable but not usable. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Test Analyst, Section 3.1.1, Usability and User Experience Testing1; Usability vs. User Experience: What's the Difference? - HubSpot Blog, Section Usability vs. User Experience
NEW QUESTION # 33
While experience-based testing can be very effective, it does have some drawbacks. What is a drawback of experience-based testing?
- A. It requires an extensive amount of pre-planning by experienced testers
- B. It can be time-consuming and create a large amount of test documentation
- C. It is too structured for some test situations
- D. It is difficult to achieve specific test coverage levels
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Experience-based testing is a technique that relies on the tester's intuition, skills, and past experiences to create test scenarios. However, this approach makes it challenging to measure and assess the test coverage, as there is no clear criteria or method to determine which areas of the software have been tested and which have not. This can lead to gaps in the testing process and potential risks of missing defects1 References =
* ISTQB Advanced Level Test Analyst Syllabus 2019, Section 3.2.3.1, page 462
* Experience Based Testing: What It Is and Why It Matters?3
* Experience based testing technique - ToolsQA4
NEW QUESTION # 34
The following decision table shows the conditions/actions that are handled by the current system regarding taking credit cards for reservations.
The customer has decided that credit cards are too high risk and wants to change to accepting only debit cards.
Debit cards have to be valid and also require a valid PIN in order to be accepted. Debit cards require purchase amount approval in order to be accepted. Given these changes, how many test cases will be needed to provide
100% coverage of the decision table?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
A decision table is a technique that shows the possible combinations of conditions and actions for a given problem. To achieve 100% coverage of the decision table, all the combinations of conditions must be tested.
The decision table has four conditions: debit card valid, PIN valid, amount approved, and dates available. Each condition has two possible values: yes or no. Therefore, the number of test cases for the decisiontable is 2^4 =
16. However, some of these test cases are invalid or redundant, as they do not reflect the logic of the problem.
For example, if the debit card is not valid, then the PIN and the amount are irrelevant. Similarly, if the PIN is not valid, then the amount is irrelevant. Therefore, these test cases can be eliminated from the decision table.
After eliminating the invalid or redundant test cases, only eight test cases remain, as shown in the table below:
Table
Debit card valid
PIN valid
Amount approved
Dates available
Actions
No
No
No
No
Reject reservation
No
No
No
Yes
Reject reservation
No
No
Yes
No
Reject reservation
No
No
Yes
Yes
Reject reservation
Yes
No
No
No
Reject reservation
Yes
No
No
Yes
Reject reservation
Yes
No
Yes
No
Reject reservation
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
Reject reservation
Yes
Yes
No
No
Prompt for lower purchase
Yes
Yes
No
Yes
Prompt for lower purchase
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
Prompt for different date
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Create reservation
References =
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
* Decision tables - IBM2, section "Decision table overview"
NEW QUESTION # 35
Which of the following is an example of an adaptability test that should be executed by a Test Analyst?
- A. Execute test case A on iOS and Android (latest version) using FireFox (latest version)
- B. Execute test case A using both valid and invalid data
- C. Execute test case A after installing it on an unsupported device
- D. O Execute test case A after substituting the database with a different product (same data)
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct answer isA.Execute test case A on iOS and Android (latest version) using FireFox (latest version).
Execute test case A on iOS and Android (latest version) using FireFox (latest version) This is an example of an adaptability test that should be executed by a Test Analyst because it tests the compatibility and functionality of the system across different platforms, devices, and browsers.It verifies that the system can work correctly and reliably in various environments and scenarios that the users may encounter1.
References=
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Test Analyst2, Section 3.2.2 Adaptability
* ISTQB Test Analyst Syllabus and Study Guide3, Section 3.2.2 Adaptability
* Adaptability Test - Candidate Screening Assessment | HiPeople4, Section 1. What is the Adaptability Test?
NEW QUESTION # 36
What type of testing would focus on completeness, appropriateness, and correctness characteristics of the application under test?
- A. Usability testing
- B. Efficiency testing
- C. Functional testing
- D. Reliability testing
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct answer isA.Functional testing.
Functional testing
Functional testing is the type of testing that focuses on completeness, appropriateness, and correctness characteristics of the application under test. Completeness means that all the functions and features of the application are tested. Appropriateness means that the functions and features are suitable for the intended purpose and meet the user'sneeds.Correctness means that the functions and features produce the expected results and do not contain any errors or defects1.
References=
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst2, Section 3.2.2 Functionality
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Test Analyst3, Section 3.2.2 Functionality
* ISTQB Test Analyst Syllabus and Study Guide4, Section 3.2.2 Functionality
NEW QUESTION # 37
You are working on a hand held product that will be used by carpet salespeople to create estimates while the salesperson is at the customer's location. The carpet installation prices are different based on how much carpet the customer will be buying. If the customer is buying enough only for a small room (less than 20 square yards) the cost to install is $5 a square yard. For a medium room (less than 40 square yards) the cost to install is $4 a square yard. For a large room (40 square yards or more) the cost to install is $2 a square yard. Two small rooms or one small room plus a set of stairs is priced at the medium room price. Two medium rooms or one medium room plus a set of stairs is priced at the large room price.
Which of the following is the smallest set of test conditions to provide minimum coverage of the boundary values?
- A. O One small room, one medium room, one large room, one set of stairs, one large room + 1 set of stairs
- B. 0 sq yds, 1 sq yd, 19 sq yds, 20 sq yds, 39 sq yds, 40 sq yds, max sq yds, max sq yds + 1
- C. No purchase, 1 sq yd, 20 sq yds, 40 sq yds, max sq yds
- D. 20 sq yds, 40 sq yds
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
The smallest set of test conditions to provide minimum coverage of the boundary values is the one that tests the minimum and maximum values for each category of carpet installation prices, as well as the values that are just above or below the boundaries. Option A covers these values, as it tests the boundary values of 0, 20, and
40 square yards, as well as the values that are one square yard more or less than these boundaries. It also tests the maximum possible value for the carpet area and the value that exceeds it. The other options do not test all the boundary values or have redundant values. References =
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
* Boundary Value Analysis and Equivalence Partitioning Testing2, section "Boundary Value Analysis"
* Equivalence Partitioning Method3, section "Example 1: Equivalence and Boundary Value"
NEW QUESTION # 38
Consider the following requirement:
The system shall allow cash advances of at least 200 Euros for all supported credit cards The following credit cards are supported- American Express, Diners, VISA, Mastercard and Eurocard.
The requirement has been identified as business critical.
The following test conditions have been derived:
1. The system shall allow cash advances of at least 200 Euros
2. It shall support American Express, Diners, VISA, Mastercard and Eurocard.
Assume you are following a risk-based testing strategy, where likelihood and impact are both assessed on a five-point scale ranging from very low to very high The requirement R1 was identified as a risk item during the quality risk analysis process. In total 20 risk items were identified during thisprocess Assume that technical project stakeholders have assessed the likelihood of the requirementR1 risk item at a medium levelGiven only the information above, which of the following statements is true?
- A. A large number of test cases should be designed for requirement R1, based on impact
- B. The test cases associated with requirement R1 must be run towards the middle of the test execution period.
- C. The risk impact for requirement R1 should be categorized as high or very high
- D. The test cases associated with requirement R1 shall be run first in the test execution period
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 39
In the software development lifecycle, when should you usually conduct functional completeness testing that focuses on high-level business cases?
- A. Unit testing
- B. System integration testing
- C. Performance testing
- D. O User acceptance testing
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
The correct answer isD.User acceptance testing.
User acceptance testing
User acceptance testing (UAT) is the type of testing that focuses on high-level business cases and ensures that the system meets the user's needs and expectations. It is usually conducted in the software development lifecycle after the system integration testing and before the deployment.UAT involves real users or stakeholders who validate the functionality, usability, and reliability of the system in a realistic environment1.
References=
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Test Analyst2, Section 3.2.2 Functionality
* ISTQB Test Analyst Syllabus and Study Guide3, Section 3.2.2 Functionality
* User Acceptance Testing: A Complete Guide4, Section 1. What is User Acceptance Testing?
NEW QUESTION # 40
A PIN entry component of an ATM system has been developed using the following state table:
Using the state transition test technique, how many 0-switch test cases are needed to achieve 100% 0-switch coverage?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
A 0-switch test case is a test case that covers one transition from one state to another. To achieve 100%
0-switch coverage, all the transitions in the state table must be tested. There are eight transitions in the state table, as shown by the arrows. Therefore, eight 0-switch test cases are needed. References =
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
* How to Design Test Cases Using State Transition Testing Technique?2, section "0-switch coverage"
* 0 and 1 - Switch Coverage in State Transition Testing?3, answer by Marco Filippone
NEW QUESTION # 41
You are assigned as a Senior Test Analyst to lead a project test team composed of business users. These users have extensive business knowledge, but no testing experience. There is another test team composed of in-sourced professional testers that will also be used for this project. Your business users will be assisting the project on a part-time basis. The development team is building an application using the "V-model" development lifecycle. Your company has automated testing tools and test management systems for use by dedicated test teams. What would be an effective method to employ your business users in your testing effort?
- A. Using their knowledge of the system, have them construct detailed state transition diagrams, then translate the information into detailed step-by-step test procedures.
- B. With their knowledge of business rules, have them create a detailed decision table, then enter the resulting information into the test management system as step-by-step test cases.
- C. Provide them with high-level test charters to execute checklists of items to be tested. You may also provide criteria to assist in verifying the application under test.
- D. Have your business testers create automated test scripts using available test tools to ensure that regression tests can be executed on a timely basis.
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
This is an effective method to employ business users in your testing effort because it allows them to leverage their domain knowledge and experience without requiring them to have technical skills or testing tools. Test charters are high-level descriptions of the test objectives, scope, and approach that guide the testers to explore the system and report any issues they find. Test charters are flexible and can be adapted to different test levels and types. They are also suitable for the V-model development lifecycle, which emphasizes verification and validation at each stage of the development process1 References =
* ISTQB Advanced Level Test Analyst Syllabus 2019, Section 3.2.3.2, page 482
* Exploratory Testing: An Agile Approach | Software Testing Help3
* Exploratory Testing: What are Test Charters? | TestLodge Blog4
NEW QUESTION # 42
In the recent past, you have learned that test automation just using capture & playback tooling, possibly enhancedwith some test programming, haslimitations. For the next banking project, that will be run using Agile methods, you want to implement a keyword-driven test automation approach. Youhave already started to define some high-level test cases for the account transfer user story:
TC 1 transfer € 150 from Lars to Ann, verify Ann's balance to be € 150
TC 2 transfer € 300 from Tim to Ann, verify Ann's balance to be € 450
In the context of implementing the keyword-driven test automation approach, which of the following activities should now be conducted by the Test Analyst?
- A. Define keywords to be implemented, eg, check balance.
B Design test navigation scripts. - B. Work together with a developer to define a test automaton architecture
- C. Select a tool to support keyword-driven testing
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 43
Consider the following state diagram for a simple ATM.
The decision has been made to add the following capabilities:
Allow the customer to go from Get Balance to Deposit, Withdrawal or Menu.
Allow the customer to go from Deposit to Withdrawal, Get Balance or Menu From Withdrawal the customer still will be able to go only to Menu.
How many test cases are required to achieve 100% 0-switch coverage of the new and existing capabilities?
- A. 0
- B. 1
- C. 2
- D. 3
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
A 0-switch test case is a test case that covers one transition from one state to another. To achieve 100%
0-switch coverage, all the transitions in the state diagram must be tested. The state diagram has seven states:
Login, Menu, Logout, Withdraw, Deposit, Get Balance, and Access Account. There are 13 transitions in the state diagram, as shown by the arrows. Therefore, 13 0-switch test cases are needed. References =
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
* How to Design Test Cases Using State Transition Testing Technique?2, section "0-switch coverage"
* State Transition Testing - Tutorialspoint3, section "State Transition Diagram"
NEW QUESTION # 44
You are assigned to a test team to write test cases for their retail call center application. Your analysis estimates a need for approximately 2,000 test cases. Your test team consists of experienced business users, who have helped with testing on an on-going basis for several years. The application that you are assigned to test is continually being updated to meet market and customer requirements.
What is recommended in this situation?
- A. Having business users create decision tables and state transition diagrams to assist in creating step-by-step test cases
- B. Creating low-level test cases to minimize on-going maintenance efforts
- C. Writing low-level test cases with step by step instructions so your non-professional testers can execute the test cases without error
- D. Focusing on high-level test cases consisting mostly of guidelines of what should be tested
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 45
Consider the following scenario for a metro fare system:
If you take the metro before 9:30 am or in the afternoon between 5:00 pm until 7:00 pm, you must pay full fare A saver ticket is available for metro rides between 9:30 am and 5:00 pm [both inclusive], and after 7:00 pm.
Which off the following test sets will provide the best equivalence partitioning coverage?
- A. 9:29 am, 5 01 pm, 7:30 pm, 7:31 pm, 8:00 pm
- B. 9:30 am, 9:31 am, 4:59 pm, 5:00 pm, 8:00 pm
- C. 9:30 am, 4:00 pm, 6:00 pm, 8 00 pm, 8:30 pm
- D. 8:00 am, 10:00 am, 5:15 pm, 7:01 pm, 11:00 pm
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation
Equivalence partitioning is a technique that divides the input domain into classes of data that are expected to behave similarly. The test sets should cover one value from each equivalence class, as well as the boundary values between them. The equivalence classes for the metro fare system are:
* Before 9:30 am (full fare)
* Between 9:30 am and 5:00 pm (saver ticket)
* Between 5:00 pm and 7:00 pm (full fare)
* After 7:00 pm (saver ticket)
The boundary values are 9:30 am, 5:00 pm, and 7:00 pm. Therefore, the test set that provides the best equivalence partitioning coverage is the one that includes one value from each equivalence class and the boundary values, which is option D. References =
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst1, page 2
* Boundary Value Analysis and Equivalence Partitioning Testing2, section "Equivalence Partitioning"
* Equivalence Partitioning Method3, section "Example 1: Equivalence and Boundary Value"
NEW QUESTION # 46
company in the medical domain has adopted methodical testing as its preferred test strategy Before being able to release to the market an external audit on the test process is mandatory. The test team consists of a mix of highly experienced domain-based testers and junior testers who only recently joined the company.
What is the BEST option regarding the level of detail and documentation required for test cases in the project?
- A. Low-level test cases since this will support both the external audit and the new junior testers.
- B. High-level test cases since this is consistent with the chosen test strategy
- C. High-level test cases since it will make the process more effective and it will make the best use of the knowledge and skills of the experienced I domain testers.
- D. Low-level test cases since it will make the process more effective and it will make the best use of the knowledge and skills of the experienced domain testers.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
The level of detail and documentation required for test cases in the project depends on the type of application under test, the standards followed by the organization, and the maturity of the development process. For a medical domain application that is undergoing frequent changes, it is advisable to use low-level test cases that provide more details and specifications for each feature. Low-level test cases can support both the external audit and the new junior testers by ensuring traceability between the requirements and the test scenarios, as well as by facilitating future changes or enhancements. Low-level test cases can also be reviewed and updated by both experienced domain-based testers and junior testers who have extensive knowledge of the medical domain. References =
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Overview of Syllabi1, page 10
* ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst2, page 2
* Healthcare Domain Testing: 60 Sample Test Case Examples3, section "Testing Types for Healthcare Applications"
NEW QUESTION # 47
You are testing the processing of a critical traffic control system to which various regulations apply The processing of the input variables is dependent on defined ranges within which the actual retrieved data values can lie.
Which of the following black-box test techniques should you use to test the processing functionality of this system?
- A. State transition testing
- B. Equivalence partitioning enhanced with boundary value analysis
- C. Pairwise testing
- D. Use case testing
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 48
Which of the following descriptions is an example of the use of defect taxonomies?
- A. Grouping defects found during execution by functional area
- B. Following a defect management process throughout testing
- C. Using a list of known defect types to penetrate the security of computer systems
- D. Running tests with the aim of finding as many defects as possible
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 49
During which test stage is functional appropriateness typically tested?
- A. Component testing
- B. Operability testing
- C. System testing
- D. Adaptability testing
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation
Functional appropriateness is the degree to which a product or system provides functions that meet stated and implied needs when used under specified conditions1. It is typically tested during system testing, which is the process of testing an integrated system to verify that it meets specified requirements2. System testing is conducted after component testing and before acceptance testing, and it covers both functional and non-functional aspects of the system3. References = ISO 25010, section A.1; ISTQB Advanced Level Test Analyst Syllabus 2019, section 1.3.1; Test Automation Fundamentals, section A.1.
NEW QUESTION # 50
You have been assigned to design test cases to be used by an experienced team to test software that controls the braking mechanism for commuter trains. Before the software can be released, the test evidence will be reviewed by an external safety team to ensure that test coverage is sufficient and that risk mitigation has achieved the appropriate level.
What level of test cases should be written for this application?
- A. High-level test cases using predefined data
- B. Low-level test cases using tester-created data
- C. High-level test cases using tester-created data
- D. Low-level test cases using predefined data
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation
Low-level test cases are more suitable for testing software that controls the braking mechanism for commuter trains, as they provide more detail and specificity for verifying the functionality and safety of the system1. Low-level test cases also use predefined data, which is more reliable and consistent than tester-created data, and can be easily traced to the test conditions and requirements2. High-level test cases are more abstract and vague, and may not cover all the possible scenarios and risks involved in testing such a critical system3.
References = 1: Test Case Design: a Guide for QA Engineers With Examples 2: How to Write Test Cases in Software Testing with Examples 3: Test Case vs Test Scenario - Difference Between Them
NEW QUESTION # 51
Based on the system state transition diagram of an ATM system shown below, using the state transition test technique which of the following is an example of a test case required to achieve 1-switch coverage?
- A. 1st try -> 2nd try -> eat card
- B. 1 st try-> 2nd try
- C. 1 st try -> 2nd try -> 3rd try
- D. 1 st try -> 2nd try -> 3rd try -> access to act
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
1-switch coverage means that every possible transition from one state to another is tested at least once. Option C is the only test case that covers the transition from 2nd try to eat card, which is not covered by any other option. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst, page 58, section 4.3.2.2.
NEW QUESTION # 52
Rather than developing an e-commerce product, management has decided to acquire a COTS package The e-commerce product needs to interface.
with backend applications such a finance, stock control and order delivery. You are asked to define a test plan for this project.
Given just the information in the scenario, which of the following software quality characteristics must be included in your test plan?
- A. Interoperability
- B. Maintainability
- C. Reliability
- D. Portability
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Interoperability is the degree to which two or more systems or components can exchange and use information.
It is a crucial quality characteristic for an e-commerce product that needs to interface with backend applications, such as finance, stock control and order delivery. The test plan must include tests to verify that the COTS package can communicate and integrate with the existing systems and applications, and that the data and functionality are consistent and accurate across the interfaces. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst, page 10, section 1.2.2.2.
NEW QUESTION # 53
You are testing software which is being ported from one platform to another. There are no documented requirements and there is no time budgeted for writing them.
Which type of test technique is most useful in this situation?
- A. Experience-based test technique
- B. Defect-based test technique
- C. White-box test technique
- D. Black-box test technique
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation
Experience-based test techniques rely on the tester's knowledge, intuition, and creativity to design and execute tests. They are useful when there are no or poor specifications, limited time, or high-risk areas. Examples of experience-based test techniques are error guessing, exploratory testing, and checklist-based testing. References = ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level Syllabus Technical Test Analyst, page 67, section 4.5.2.2.
NEW QUESTION # 54
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