Practice Graduate Record Examinations GRE exam. Online Exam Practice Tests with detailed explanations! Pass GRE with confidence!
GRE - GRE General Test Practice Tests 2021 | GuideTorrent
NEW QUESTION 43
Economists use two competing models to describe the effects of commercial advertising-advertising as market competition and advertising as market power. The market competition model holds that the fundamental function of advertising is to provide information about products and brands. It is argued that information in ads permits greater marketplace efficiencies, such as lower prices and reduced monopoly power. In a similar vein, much discussion regarding political advertising has rested on its informational value Does political advertising provide political information and help voters make informed decisions'1 Nelson argues that promoting bars of soap in commercial ads is no different than promoting political ideas ideology from political candidates in political ads. on the grounds that information is being distributed m both cases.
Others, such as Ferguson and Jamieson, disagree with Nelson's proposition Ferguson, for example, pointed out that choosing a political candidate is more like buying an experience good (where the quality is hard to evaluate prior to purchase) rather than a search good (where the quality is easily evaluated before the purchase). According to Ferguson, claims in political ads do not have true informational value, because it is difficult for voters to draw inferences about the future deeds of a candidate from what the ads say Furthermore.
Jamieson argues that political ads reshape the public image of political candidates and change voters' feelings about the candidates with subtle emotional cues but without substantive information upon which to base a reasoned judgment Which of the following statements, if true, would most clearly weaken Nelson's argument as it is presented in the passage?
- A. Political advertisements that make false claims are subject to rebuttal by political advertisements for opposing candidates.
- B. Soap advertisements typically rely on evocative images that do not relate to the effectiveness of the product being advertised.
- C. Voter disappointment in the candidates that they elect is analogous to the disappointment consumers of familiar products sometimes experience.
- D. Advertisements for familiar products, such as bars of soap, are evaluated more critically by audiences than are advertisements for less familiar products.
- E. Most producers of political advertisements work directly for the political campaigns of the candidates the advertisements promote.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 44
In the sixteenth century, an age of great marine and terrestrial exploration, Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail around the world. As a young Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal, but he became involved in the quagmire of political intrigue at court and lost the king's favor. After he was dismissed from service to the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain.
A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all land in the New World west of 50 degrees W longitude to Spain and all the land east of that line to Portugal. Magellan offered to prove that the East Indies fell under Spanish authority. On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail from Spain with five ships. More than a year later, one of these ships was exploring the topography of South America in search of a water route across the continent. This ship sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula of South America. Finally they found the passage they sought near a latitude of 50 degrees S Magellan named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today we know it as the Strait of Magellan. One ship deserted while in this passage and returned to Spain, so fewer sailors were privileged to gaze at that first panorama of the Pacific Ocean. Those who remained crossed the meridian we now call the International Date Line in the early spring of 1521 after ninety eight days on the Pacific Ocean. During those long days at sea, many of Magellan's men died of starvation and disease. Later Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in a tribal battle. Only one ship and seventeen sailors under the command of the Basque navigator Elcano survived to complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all that the world is round, with no precipice at the edge.
The Pope divided New World lands between Spain and Portugal according to their location on one side or the other of an imaginary geographical line 50 degrees west of Greenwich that extends in a ___ direction.
- A. north and south
- B. crosswise
- C. easterly
- D. south east
- E. north and west
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 45
Many people eschewed botany as merely the_________business of renaming and reclassifying plants until the concern over Earth's loss of biodiversity brought botany into everyday discussions.
- A. essential
- B. arcane
- C. esoteric
- D. indispensable
- E. enlightening
- F. stodgy
Answer: B,C
NEW QUESTION 46
In the age of new media technologies, the (i)_________an event and its recording appears to have been (ii)_________: rather than referring to a concert in which both performers and audience members are (iii)M
"live" is increasingly used to identify the way in which a performance was recorded or transmitted.
- A. maximized
- B. physically present
- C. emotionally engaged
- D. erased
- E. distinction between
- F. culturally sophisticated
- G. misunderstood
- H. revenue from
- I. quality of
Answer: B,E,G
NEW QUESTION 47
The Galapagos Islands are in the Pacific Ocean, off the western coast of South America.
They are a rocky, lonely spot, but they are also one of the most unusual places in the world. One reason is that they are the home of some of the last giant tortoises left on earth. Weighing hundreds of pounds, these tortoises, or land turtles, wander slowly around the rocks and sand of the islands. Strangely, each of these islands has its own particular kinds of tortoises. There are seven different kinds of tortoises on the eight islands, each kind being slightly different from the other. Hundreds of years ago, thousands of tortoises wandered around these islands. However, all that changed when people started landing there.
When people first arrived in 1535, their ships had no refrigerators. This meant that fresh food was always a problem for the sailors on board.
The giant tortoises provided a solution to this problem. Ships would anchor off the islands, and crews would row ashore and seize as many tortoises as they could. Once the animals were aboard the ship, the sailors would roll the tortoises onto their backs. The tortoises were completely helpless once on their backs, so they could only lie there until used for soups and stews. Almost 100,000 tortoises were carried off in this way. The tortoises faced other problems, too. Soon after the first ships, settlers arrived bringing pigs, goats, donkeys, dogs and cats. All of these animals ruined life for the tortoises.
Donkey and goats ate all the plants that the tortoises usually fed on, while the pigs. Dogs and cats consumed thousands of baby tortoises each year. Within a few years, it was hard to find any tortoise eggs- or even any baby tortoises. By the early 1900s, people began to worry that the last of the tortoises would soon die out. No one, however, seemed to care enough to do anything about the problem. More and more tortoises disappeared, even though sailors no longer needed them for food. For another fifty years, this situation continued. Finally, in the 1950s, scientist decided that something must be done. The first part of their plan was to get rid of as many cats, dogs and other animals as they could.
Next, they tried to make sure that more baby tortoises would be born. To do this, they started looking for wild tortoise eggs. They gathered the eggs and put them in safe containers. When the eggs hatched, the scientists raised the tortoises in special pens. Both the eggs and tortoises were numbered so that the scientists knew exactly which kinds of tortoises they had-and which island they came from. Once the tortoises were old enough and big enough to take care of themselves, the scientists took them back to their islands and set them loose. This slow, hard work continues today, and, thanks to it, the number of tortoises is now increasing every year.
What happens right after the tortoise eggs hatch?
- A. The scientist raised the tortoises in special pens.
- B. The sailors use the tortoises for food.
- C. The scientists get rid of cats, dogs, and other animals.
- D. The scientists take the tortoises back to their islands.
- E. The scientist encouraged the villagers to help.
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 48
SKI : SNOW
- A. gold : putt
- B. skate : ice
- C. ride : horse
- D. drive : car
- E. dance : step
Answer: B
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
NEW QUESTION 49
Discussions of the collapse of the lowland Maya are not new. However, it might be better to say that Maya civilization as a whole did not collapse, although many zones did experience profound change. Because societies are not bounded, unitary entities. collapses are rarely total, and continuity is a normal pan of collapse At the end of the Classic period [200-900 C.E.]. the institution of divine kingship and many of the well-known markers of elite culture such a-, caned stelae [slabs erected for funerals or commemorative purposes] and hieroglyphic polychromes [multicolored artistic pottery] ended, but Maya civilization continued in modified form with many important features intact (e.g.. literacy, war. art. the production of fine ceramics). In some cases large buildings were constructed in the Postclassic period [900-1512 C.E.], but the transition to the Early Postclassic [900-1200 C.E.] era is distinctive for a decrease in elite goods and contexts. The variability in artifact changes during the Terminal Classic [800-900 C.E.] and into the Postclassic. even within artifact classes (e.g.. line versus unslipped ceramics), suggests weaker centralized control than during the Classic period. Site abandonments in the Terminal Classic indicate the collapse of the functional ability of Maya states, but sites that survived show that Maya civilization continued albeit without divine kingship and much of the spectacle around it.
According to the passage, which of the following statements about the institution of divine kingship is true?
- A. It was not a feature of the Poslclassic period.
- B. Its importance has been overestimated by many scholars.
- C. Its spectacle became too onerous a burden for Maya society to support.
- D. It remained strong through the end of the Classic period.
- E. Its demise led to the collapse of Maya civilization.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 50
Last month, the total amount of money that a candy manufacturer paid a certain salesperson consisted of a base salary of $400 plus a commission of 20 percent of that portion of the salesperson's total sales that was greater than SI.000. The salesperson had total sales of S2.200 last month.
- A. Quantity B is greater.
- B. The two quantities are equal.
- C. The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
- D. Quantity A is greater.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 51
A certain strain of bacteria called lyngbya majuscula, an ancient ancestor of modern-day algae, is making a comeback in ocean waters just off the world's most industrialized coastal regions. This primitive bacteria has survived for nearly three billion years due to a variety of survival mechanisms. It can produce its own fertilizer by pulling nitrogen out of the air; it relies on a different spectrum of light than algae do, allowing it to thrive even in deep, murky waters; and when it dies and decays, it releases its own nitrogen and phosphorous, on which the next generation of lyngbya feeds. Lyngbya emits more than one hundred different toxins harmful to other ocean life as well as to humans. Commercial fishermen and divers who come in contact with the bacteria frequently complain of skin rashes and respiratory problems, which can keep these workers off the job for months at a time. The bacteria further disrupts local economies by blocking sunlight to sea grasses that attract fish and other sea life. Scientists attribute the modern-day reappearance of lyngbya, and the resulting problems, chiefly to nitrogen- and phosphorous-rich sewage partially processed at wastewater treatment plants and pumped into rivers that feed coastal ocean waters.
The passage as a whole can appropriately be viewed as an examination of which of the following?
- A. The possible means of halting and reversing the spread of lyngbya
- B. The ecological fallout resulting from coastal sewage runoff
- C. The causes and consequences of the re-emergence of lyngbya
- D. The economic impact of lyngbya on certain coastal communities
- E. The survival mechanisms and life cycle of lyngbya
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
In order, the passage examines the survival mechanisms allowing lyngbya to reemerge today; the economic and ecological consequences of the strain's reemergence; and the precipitating cause of the strain's reemergence. Choice B is clearly off the passage's focus, and choice E.is far too broad in scope.
Of the remaining three choices, choice A.comes closest to embracing the entire discussion.
NEW QUESTION 52
LACKLUSTER:
- A. exceedingly bold
- B. quick to respond
- C. brilliant
- D. well spoken
- E. exceptional
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The word LACKLUSTER means "lacking luster". Its antonym lustrous means "brilliant, radiant, or bright"
NEW QUESTION 53
If one dollar can buy m pieces of paper, how many dollars are needed to buy p reams of paper? [1 ream
500 pieces of paper.]
- A. Option A
- B. Option D
- C. Option B
- D. Option C
- E. Option E
Answer: A
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
The number of dollars increases proportionately with the number of pieces of paper. The question is essentially asking: "1 is tomas what is top?" First, set up a proportion (equate two ratios, or fractions). Then convert either pieces of paper to reams (divide m by 500) or reams to pieces (multiply p by 500). (The second conversion method is used below.) Cross-multiply to solve for x:
NEW QUESTION 54
PITH:
- A. chasm
- B. frivolity
- C. adornment
- D. digression
- E. bore
Answer: D
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
PITH refers to "the heart or essence of the matter." A pithy observation or remark is one that is incisive and on point. A digression, to the contrary, is a divergence from a previous course of thought or action.
NEW QUESTION 55
Ii is irue lhal science, and more particularly scientists._________cherished paradigms with great reluctance and that when they do. scientific revolutions may result.
- A. cede
- B. relinquish
- C. dismantle
- D. unify
- E. share
- F. embrace
Answer: A,B
NEW QUESTION 56
A continuous random variable R has a mean of 77 and a standard deviation of 8. What is the value of R that is
2.5 standard deviations above the mean?
- A. 87.5
- B. 0
- C. 79.5
- D. 1
- E. 2
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 57
SILVER : METAL ::
- A. sediment : rock
- B. sand : glass
- C. helium : gas
- D. gold : alloy
- E. plastic : container
Answer: C
Explanation:
Explanation/Reference:
Explanation:
This is an "example of" analogy. SILVER is a type of METAL, and helium is a type of gas.
NEW QUESTION 58
......
The best GRE exam study material and preparation tool is here: https://www.guidetorrent.com/GRE-pdf-free-download.html